The wild plants may possess an herbicide resistance advantage.
Credit Xiao Yang
A common technique for the genetic modification of plants to make them resistant to herbicides is found to confer advantages to weedy varieties rice even when the herbicide isn’t present. This suggests that the benefits of such modification could extend beyond farms and out into the wild.
There are many varieties of crops are genetically modified to resist glyphosate. Roundup was the first herbicide to be marketed. ラウンドアップ This glyphosate resistance enables farmers to wipe out most plants without causing damage to their crops.
Glyphosate slows the growth of plants through blocking an enzyme, known as EPSP synthase. It is involved in the creation of certain amino acids and other molecules that make up approximately 35% of a plant’s mass. The genetic modification technique, which is used by Monsanto’s Roundup Ready crops, which are located in St Louis (Missouri), typically involves inserting genes into a crop’s DNA to increase EPSP synthase’s production. The genes are often derived from bacteria that has affected the plants.
The extra EPSP synthase helps the plant withstand the effects of glyphosate. Biotechnology labs also tried to make use of the genes of plants to increase EPSP-synthase, partly to exploit an American loophole that permits regulatory approval of transgenes not derived bacterial pests.
Few studies have looked into whether transgenes, such as ones that confer resistance to glyphosate, can help plants to be more resilient in their survival and reproduction after they cross-pollinate with wild or weedy species. ウンドアップ 価格 コメリ Norman Ellstrand of University of California Riverside declares, “The conventional expectation is that any type of transgene in the wild will be detrimental if there’s no selection pressure , because the extra machinery could decrease the health.”
https://www.yodobashi.com/product/100000001002109951/ Lu Baorong is an Ecologist in Fudan University Shanghai. His research shows that resistance to glyphosate is a major fitness benefit, even if it’s not used.
ラウンドアップ 古い Lu and colleagues modified cultivars of rice to improve the production of EPSP synthase. ラウンドアップ The modified rice was crossed with a wild relative.
ラウンドアップ The group then let offspring that were cross-bred to breed with one another, resulting in second generation hybrids which were genetically identical to their parents, except the number of copies of the gene that encodes EPSP synthase. As was expected, those with more copies had higher enzyme levels and produced more amino acid tryptophan compared to their unmodified counterparts.
Researchers also found that transgenic hybrids were more photogenic, they produced more plants per plant and yielded 48-125 percent more seeds than non-transgenic varieties.
https://search.rakuten.co.jp/search/mall/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97+%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89/ Lu believes making weedy, invading rice more competitive might hinder farmers to recoup the damage caused by this bug.
Brian Ford-Lloyd (a UK plant geneticist) claims that if the EPSP-synthase genes gets into wild rice, then their genetic diversity that is vital to preserve could be endangered. The transgene could be more competitive than regular species. This is one of the most clear examples of plausible harmful effects [of GM crop on the environment.”
The public has a perception that genetically engineered crops that have additional copies of microorganisms’ genes are safer than ones with only their own genes. Lu says, “Our study shows this is not always the case.”
Researchers say the findings call for a reconsideration of the way that genetically modified crops will be controlled in the near future. Ellstrand saysthat “Some people think that biosafety regulation should be eased.” Ellstrand addsthat “But the research shows that novel products require careful evaluation.”